Overview

Product Description	Rabbit Polyclonal antibody recognizes SAPK / JNK
Tested Reactivity	Hu, Ms
Tested Application	WB
Host	Rabbit
Clonality	Polyclonal
Isotype	IgG
Target Name	SAPK / JNK
Antigen Species	Human
Immunogen	Recombinant protein of Human SAPK / JNK.
Conjugation	Un-conjugated
Alternate Names	MAP kinase 9; JNK2BETA; PRKM9; EC 2.7.11.24; c-Jun N-terminal kinase 2; Stress-activated protein kinase 1a; SAPK; Stress-activated protein kinase JNK2; MAPK 9; JNK2; JNK2ALPHA; JNK2A; JNK2B; SAPK1a; JNK-55; Mitogen-activated protein kinase 9; p54a; p54aSAPK

Application Instructions

Predict Reactivity Note	Rat
Application Suggestion	Tested Application Dilution WB 1:500 - 1:2000
Application Note	* The dilutions indicate recommended starting dilutions and the optimal dilutions or concentrations should be determined by the scientist.
Positive Control	MCF7

Properties

Form	Liquid
Purification	Affinity purification with immunogen.
Buffer	PBS (pH 7.3), 0.02% Sodium azide and 50% Glycerol.
Preservative	0.02% Sodium azide
Stabilizer	50% Glycerol
Storage Instruction	For continuous use, store undiluted antibody at 2-8°C for up to a week. For long-term storage, aliquot and store at -20°C. Storage in frost free freezers is not recommended. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. Suggest spin the vial prior to opening. The antibody solution should be gently mixed before use.
Note	For laboratory research only, not for drug, diagnostic or other use.

Bioinformation

Database Links	GeneID: 26420 Mouse MAPK9 GeneID: 5601 Human MAPK9 Swiss-port # P45984 Human Mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 Swiss-port # Q9WTU6 Mouse Mitogen-activated protein kinase 9
Gene Symbol	MAPK9
Gene Full Name	mitogen-activated protein kinase 9
Background	The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases act as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals, and are involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, transcription regulation and development. This kinase targets specific transcription factors, and thus mediates immediate-early gene expression in response to various cell stimuli. It is most closely related to MAPK8, both of which are involved in UV radiation induced apoptosis, thought to be related to the cytochrome c-mediated cell death pathway. This gene and MAPK8 are also known as c-Jun N-terminal kinases. This kinase blocks the ubiquitination of tumor suppressor p53, and thus it increases the stability of p53 in nonstressed cells. Studies of this gene's mouse counterpart suggest a key role in T-cell differentiation. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2008]
Function	Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in various processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, transformation and programmed cell death. Extracellular stimuli such as proinflammatory cytokines or physical stress stimulate the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAP/JNK) signaling pathway. In this cascade, two dual specificity kinases MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 phosphorylate and activate MAPK9/JNK2. In turn, MAPK9/JNK2 phosphorylates a number of transcription factors, primarily components of AP-1 such as JUN and ATF2 and thus regulates AP-1 transcriptional activity. In response to oxidative or ribotoxic stresses, inhibits rRNA synthesis by phosphorylating and inactivating the RNA polymerase 1-specific transcription initiation factor RRN3. Promotes stressed cell apoptosis by phosphorylating key regulatory factors including TP53 and YAP1. In T-cells, MAPK8 and MAPK9 are required for polarized differentiation of T-helper cells into Th1 cells. Upon T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation, is activated by CARMA1, BCL10, MAP2K7 and MAP3K7/TAK1 to regulate JUN protein levels. Plays an important role in the osmotic stress-induced epithelial tight-junctions disruption. When activated, promotes beta-catenin/CTNNB1 degradation and inhibits the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Participates also in neurite growth in spiral ganglion neurons. Phosphorylates the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer and plays a role in the regulation of the circadian clock. MAPK9 isoforms display different binding patterns: alpha-1 and alpha-2 preferentially bind to JUN, whereas beta-1 and beta-2 bind to ATF2. However, there is no correlation between binding and phosphorylation, which is achieved at about the same efficiency by all isoforms. JUNB is not a substrate for JNK2 alpha-2, and JUND binds only weakly to it. [UniProt]
Calculated MW	48 kDa
PTM	Dually phosphorylated on Thr-183 and Tyr-185 by MAP2K7 and MAP2K4, which activates the enzyme. Autophosphorylated in vitro.

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