Gamma delta T cell validation kit is launched
Gamma delta T cell validation kit is launched
Gamma delta (γδ) T cells are a small T cell subset that express unique γ and δ TCR (T cell receptor) chains instead of the conventional a and b TCR chains. γδ T cells are present in peripheral blood and mucosal epithelial tissues such as gut, lung and reproductive tract. In contrast to conventional αβ T cells, which recognize antigenic peptides presented by MHC molecules, γδ T cells directly recognize proteins and even phosphoantigens which are found in many pathogens. γδ T cells are often referred to as “innate T cells” since they share features with natural killer (NK) cells.
▶ Functions of γδ T cells
γδ T cells perform a number of functions, which include the production and secretion of cytokines, such as IFN- γ, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-17. γδ T cells are a critical early source of pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ and TNF-α in many infections and disease models.
Similar to NK cells, γδ T cells perform cell killing through cytotoxic perforin and granzyme actions as well as FcR-mediated ADCC (antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity), Fas-FasL, and TRAIL ligation. Besides, γδ T cells also induce B-cell class switching to autoreactive IgE which presents an antitumor effect, serve as antigen presenting cells to help αβ T priming, trigger dendritic cell (DC) maturation, and enhance NK cell activity.
▶ Dual effects of γδ T cells in tumor progression
Tumor cells evade immune system through MICA/B shedding, heterogeneous antigens, and low antigen spreading, the MHC-independent γδ T cells represent an emerging strategy in cancer immunotherapy as they are adapted for tumor immunity through broad antigen specificity, NK-like cytotoxicity, and activation of anti-tumor effects such as antibody secretion, αβ T cell priming, and DC maturation.
Although mot human γδ T cells have anti-tumor functions, they have also been reported to have pro-tumor properties. Two major γδ T cell subtypes infiltrate tumors. Vδ2 T cells have pro-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects, whereas Vδ1 T cells contain both anti- and pro-tumor effects. In addition, γδ T cells display plasticity and can be polarized into pro-tumor cells such as γδ T17 cells which express IL-17 and IL-8 to promote angiogenesis and recruit immunosuppressive MDSCs (myeloid-derived suppressor cells) in tumor microenvironment, and thus promote cancer progression.
▶ Validation of γδ T cells
The diverse functions of γδ T cells are achieved by secreting cytotoxic granules, cytokines and chemokines. For example, the anti-tumor effect is mediated by releasing granzyme/perforin and IFN-γ, while the pro-tumor effect is achieved by releasing IL-17 and IL-8. Detection of these factors is an effective way to validate the functions of γδ T cells.
arigo is proud to introduce the newly launched Human γδ T cell Multiplex ELISA Kit (ARG83110) which is the best solution to validate the anti- and pro-tumor functions of γδ T cells.
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Benefits |
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● Concurrent measurement of 4 factors ● High sensitivity for quantification at pg/mL levels |
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