Solutions for studying PANoptosis & PANoptosome

PANoptosis is a unique inflammatory cell death that involves the coordinated activation of Pyroptosis, Apoptosis, and Necroptosis. PANoptosis play a critical role in defensing against pathogens. Apoptosis is an effective way to restrict the replication of intracellular pathogens without eliciting inflammatory responses, whereas pyroptosis and necroptosis trigger intense inflammation to destroy the pathogens and infected cells.

PANoptosis is regulated by the PANoptosome, the protein complex that engages the key molecules involved in pyroptosis (inflammasome components caspase-1, ASC, GSDMD), apoptosis (caspase-8, FADD), and necroptosis (necrosome components RIPK1, RIPK3, MLKL). Although various PANoptosomes were found in bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic infections, the understanding of the PANoptosis regulation is still limited.

In addition to pathogen infection, PANoptosis was observed in autoinflammatory diseases, cytokine storm, and cancer. Karki et al. reported that the combination of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma triggers PANoptosis and causes a lethal cytokine shock in mice. They found that inhibition of PANoptosis protects mice from mortality during SARS-CoV-2 infection, sepsis, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and cytokine shock syndrome (cytokine storm). Malireddi et al. reported that PANoptosis can be activated by the combination of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma in multiple human cancer cell lines, suggesting a potential strategy for cancer therapy.

arigo offers smart solutions to facilitate the identification of the triggers of PANoptosis and the underlying mechanisms.

▶ Pyroptosis

Pyroptosis Antibody Panel (ARG30330)

* Includes Caspase-1, GSDMD, and IL-1 beta antibodies.
* Detects both pro- and cleaved forms.
* Works on human and mouse samples.
* Includes loading control.

GSDMC antibody (ARG42638)
GSDMD antibody (ARG41404)
GSDME antibody (ARG42602)

More Panels for pyroptosis and inflammasomes

▶ Apoptosis

Caspase-8 antibody (ARG55191)

Reactivity: Hu, Ms, Rat
Application: WB

caspase-8 antibody