More effective cocktail therapy for cancer immune evasion

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are immune cells that have left the bloodstream and migrated into and attack a tumor. TILs are implicated in killing tumor cells, thus the presence of TILs in tumors is often associated with improved clinical prognosis.

The group of Dr. Van den Eynde recently reported that COX-2/PGE2 axis caused constitutive IDO1 expression in cancer cells via MAPK, PKC, and PI3K signaling pathways. IDO1 is an immunosuppressive enzyme that prevent T-cell infiltration and protect cancer cells from immune attack. The authors found that COX-2 inhibition results to higher T-cell infiltration and reduced tumor size.

Their study provide a rationale to test the combinations of the approved clinical anti-PD1 drugs and COX-2 inhibitors. A more effective treatment is expected by combination of preventing cancer immune escape via anti-PD1 immunotherapy and improving T-cell infiltration to kill cancer cells via COX-2 inhibitors.

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T cell infiltration markers

CD3 antibody [SQab1713]
(ARG65859)

CD4 antibody [SQab1714]
(ARG65860)

CD8 antibody [SP16]
(ARG52819)

Antibodies for studying regulation of IDO1 expression.

COX-2 antibody
(ARG52899)

mPGES-1 antibody
(ARG56494)

IDO1 antibody
(ARG63890)

Antibodies for studying signaling pathway

Akt phospho (Ser473)
antibody (ARG51558)

GSK3 beta phospho (Ser9)
antibody (ARG56423)

ERK phospho (Thr202/Tyr204)
antibody (ARG52277)

Akt antibody
(ARG56418)

GSK3 beta antibody
(ARG51002)

ERK1/2 antibody
(ARG55797)

Reference: Hennequart et al., (2017) Constitutive IDO1 Expression in Human Tumors Is Driven by Cyclooxygenase-2 and Mediates Intrinsic Immune Resistance. Cancer Immunol Res. 2017 Jul 21.